In today’s highly stressful environments, emotionally- and physically -charged workplaces, and mentally draining relationships, the mind can only take so much. While anxiety and stress are all part of human existence, being the necessary impetus for change and improvement, constant and repeated exposure to extreme and varying levels of stress can severely sap the energy out of you.

When this happens you simply feel burned out that solving even a very simple problem would seem so impossible.

While there are certain medications that can be taken, albeit with prescription, that are proven effective in reducing the anxiety levels that you may experience, they are dangerously laced with a lot of side effects that tolerance and dependence can result if taken for a prolonged period of time.

These anti-anxiety drugs, or anxiolytics, work by dramatically changing the way certain neurotransmitters behave inside the brain. More often than not, these will require the simultaneous inhibition of one neurotransmitter and the stimulation of another to achieve the desired effects. Unfortunately, in so doing, these drugs inadvertently affect other body organs that rely on these neurotransmitters.

What Is Phenibut?

Phenibut has structural and electrophysiological properties that are similar to gamma amino butyric acid. Because of these similarities, phenibut is commercially marketed and promoted as an anxiolytic, often finding extensive use in the management of anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and other mental health problems where anxiety is at the root.

Phenibut promotes a general feeling of calmness and relaxation, ideal for reducing the anxiety or stress levels of every single individual who happens to experience a lot of stress in their daily lives. Its action on GABA is closely linked to its capability to traverse the blood-brain barrier upon absorption from the small intestines. This is a very significant characteristic of phenibut as you would require readily available GABA to keep your anxiety levels in check.

History Of Phenibut

Synthesized in the 1960s by Russian chemists led by Professor V. V. Perkekalin at Leningrad’s Academy of Medical Sciences, phenibut provided the solution for Soviet cosmonauts’ unusually high levels of stress resulting from their very rigorous pre-space flight training regimen. It was believed that major tranquilizers were way too potent for the cosmonauts and the side effects they brought were deemed unacceptable to the Soviet space program. Hence, they Soviets developed phenibut.

Remarkably, phenibut is not clinically approved in the rest of the world. There are only very few studies ever performed outside the former Soviet Union. Among the few, phenibut has been shown to be comparable to the benzodiazepine diazepam as well as the nootropic piracetam. A 2006 study described phenibut as a substance that has anti-stress, nootropic, and thymoleptic properties that might prove beneficial among the many individuals who are searching for a well-balanced brain enhancing formula but without necessarily draining them of their nervous energy.

Phenibut’s Mechanism Of Action

Although a natural analog of GABA, phenibut also has an effect on the neurotransmitter dopamine. Nonetheless its central mechanism of action lies on the stimulation of GABA receptors in the brain.

Phenibut is readily absorbed in the small intestines, thanks in part to the phenyl ring that has been scientifically bonded to the chemical structure of phenibut. Upon absorption by the small intestines, the phenibut molecule is distributed by the blood until it reaches the cerebral cortex where it readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Once it reaches the different parts of the cerebral cortex where it takes on the role and function of GABA.

GABA is a very dominant neurotransmitter that is directly responsible for modulating the firing of electrical impulses across the synaptic cleft. Under normal conditions, electrical impulses travel from one nerve cell to the next, jumping across the space between two adjacent neurons known as synaptic junctions. They do not necessarily ‘jump’ but rather they are carried from one end of a neuron to the other end of a receiving neuron by the chemicals known as neurotransmitters. The result is that as the electrical impulse gets transmitted along the line of neurons, it gets faster and more amplified. GABA inhibits the progression of the electrical impulse from one cell to the next by toning down the electrical amplification. This results in calmer and more relaxed neuronal activity.

As was said earlier, phenibut also has an effect on dopamine. Dopamine is known as the neurotransmitter that is responsible for giving you the sense of pleasure or reward, the feeling of satisfaction, fulfillment, or enjoyment.

Putting them together, phenibut can markedly improve your ability to tone down your stress levels while feeling significantly satisfied and contented about life. This results in a greater sense of well-being.

Phenibut Benefits

While many consider phenibut as a nootropic, it pales in comparison to other mainstream nootropics such as the racetams. Additionally, the benefits of phenibut as a nootropic or cognitive enhancer have not been significantly proven by scientific studies. While it is true that there was a study in 2006 classifying phenibut as a ‘nootropic’ the dearth of knowledge dramatically affects its marketing as a nootropic. However, when used in combination with racetams, phenibut might as well be the solution that you will need to strike a balance between cognitive prowess and supreme stress control.

• Stress level reduction

The primary benefit of phenibut has to be its unsurpassed ability to manage stress and anxiety levels. Because it is structurally similar to GABA, its benefits can be said as a direct effect of the GABAergic action. It offers absolute relaxation, a feeling of total calmness, and a mind that is not wandering about what to do next. When stress or anxiety levels are effectively managed you will be able to carry on other tasks that may require your more productive attention.

• Improved sleep

Because GABA inhibits the amplification of electrical impulses in the brain, this results in a more subdued neuronal activity. This is particularly helpful if you simply want to close your eyes and drift away into dreamland. As muscles will also not be unnecessarily stimulated, you will feel much relaxed, fall asleep a lot faster, and go and stay in deep sleep a lot longer. The following day when you wake up, you will feel much refreshed, ready to take on another day.

• More positive mood

It is inevitable to get angry or agitated especially when you are frustrated. Phenibut effectively tones this down so you will have a more stable, well-balanced mood. Its effects on dopamine can help you regain a better insight about your own personality so that, together with GABA, you will be able to strike a remarkable balance of mood.

• Enhanced neuroprotection

Unfortunately, stress can take on a more devastating form on the brain than what was initially thought. Oxidative stress as a result of mental and emotional stressors can significantly damage the brain cells. Phenibut checks this phenomenon by toning down the electrical activity of the brain when it is most needed.

Using Phenibut

The initial dose of phenibut is 250 milligrams with a therapeutic effect that has been shown to last up to 10 hours although there have been reports of a 24-hour therapeutic effect. The dose can be steadily increased up to 1,000 milligrams per day depending on a host of other factors.

Phenibut is available either as a capsule or as a powdered formulation. Capsules will be as easy as popping a pill in your mouth with or without food, although it is better absorbed on an empty stomach. Using the powdered form will require mixing it with a strong beverage, usually orange juice, in order to mask the extremely bitter taste of phenibut. In some individuals, packing the powdered form into soft gelatinous capsules solves this bitter issue.

Side Effects

While phenibut is generally safe, it has been shown to produce side effects that can range from headaches to excessive drowsiness or sleepiness to loss of consciousness. There have been reports of low body temperatures and muscle flaccidity as a result of phenibut overdose.

Because phenibut acts on the brain itself, caution should be observed when using phenibut with people who are taking other GABAergic drugs and supplements such as benzodiazepines and GHB, respectively. People with Parkinson’s disease should also not take phenibut because it will only worsen the muscle problems that are seen in the disease.

Purchasing Phenibut Online

Perhaps because of the dearth of scientific evidence attesting to its benefits, phenibut is not recognized in the United States and Europe as a therapeutic product. However, it is an uncontrolled substance suggesting that anyone can still purchase it even without a doctor’s prescription.

Noofen is the most popular brand of phenibut currently in the market which is, surprisingly, also available in the US as well as in other countries without the need for a prescription. Looking for it in drugstores or pharmacies might prove futile, though. Your best bet will still be online stores that exclusively market and sell nootropics as well as anxiolytics to almost anyone anywhere in the world.

Buying your phenibut online will be a lot safer if you purchase it on a trusted online seller, though.

As a nootropic compound, Sulbutiamine is popular for being an anxiolytic.

In many ways, Sulbutiamine is able to boost cognition and reduce anxiety. It’s not actually a complex chemical even if its name sounds crazy. To put it simply, Sulbutiamine is composed of two molecules of Thiamine or Vitamin B1 that are combined together. This makes the compound, through the type of bond from the two molecules, more able to cross the brain-barrier easily. This makes Sulbutiamine a lot more superior than pure thiamine and Vitamin B1 supplements.

In the market, Arcalion is the brand name that sells Sulbutiamine. Its ability to boost alertness, overall mental performance, memory and to stimulate properties are the reasons why it is a prized nootropic supplement.

As an anxiolytic, it also helps reduce stress, inspire calmness, and improve mood.

Background Of Sulbutiamine Compound 

In 1926, Thiamine was isolated and, in 1936, it was synthesized. 

After the Second World War, Japanese researchers were looking for an effective way to allow people to have access to Thiamine. White rice is the staple food in the country, as it can be grown in the islands naturally but it lacks Thiamine. So, even though rice is a good source of energy, there needs to be another food or source that will provide more nutrients. This led to the synthesizing of Sulbutiamine.

There were a lot of disorders and health problems that time. These include fatigue, widespread lethargy, and Beriberi, which is a Thiamine deficiency disorder. With severe health problems, taking Thiamine is not effective. The body has difficulty absorbing it because of its poor bioavailability.

The Japanese researchers were able to synthesize Thiamine and were able to form Sulbutiamine, which is also higher in bioavailability. As a result, Japan was able to cure the widespread cases of Beriberi. Though it’s not always the case, the nootropic researchers apparently were able to save the country.

During the 1970s, after the Japanese synthesis, Sulbutiamine has been being tested all over the world to determine its health benefits and nutritional effects. Today, there are now numerous studies, which were rigorously done, that revealed how Sulbutiamine supplementation could deliver numerous significant benefits.

In a Malaysian study in 2002, it was found that Sulbutiamine improves diabetic patients’ peripheral nerve function. Then in 2003, an Indian study was conducted to measure the anti-infective effects of the compound. The result showed that all asthenic symptoms in around 505 of the patients were completely resolved. Around 20% of them gained substantial improvements.

In the market today, Sulbutiamine is not just one of the most popular but also the most diverse nootropic supplement that provides mood improvement, cognitive functions improvement, and other benefits.

What Are The Benefits of Sulbutamine? 

Thiamine and Sulbutiamine have similar benefits. However, Sulbutiamine has more powerful and effective benefits that are also quicker in their effects. When you’re under Sulbutiamine supplementation, you’ll get benefits such as:

1. Enhanced Cognition

The systems of dopamine and glutamate are affected when you take Sulbutiamine. Most users report that their ability for overall cognition and logical thought were enhanced.

2. Improved Communication Between Neurons

The supplement helps in the optimization of neurons communication. This leads to better attention and alertness. This is why it is used to treat chronic fatigue syndrome and similar disorders such as asthenia.

3. Improved Memory

The levels of glutamate, dopamine, and acetylcholine in your brain are affected when you take Sulbutiamine. These neurotransmitters are all hugely responsible for the formation of memory particularly acetylcholine, which functions in the facilitation of storage, recall and absorption of new information.

4. Increased Attention and Focus

Sulbutiamine raises the levels of dopamine, which results to attention and focus enhancement. This helps you, through executive functioning, to concentrate on tasks.

5. Protects Nerves

A healthier neuroprotectivity is encouraged and myelin sheaths protection is enhanced. These provides neurotransmitters protection when they travel the whole nervous system. This leads to the enhancement of focus and overall cognition and reduction of multiple sclerosis symptoms.

6. Reduced Anxiety and Stress

The supplements reduces stress and promotes a feeling of calmness when it raises the levels of dopamine. This is the reason why many take Sulbutiamine to counter stress and depression.

7. Reduces Degenerative Brain Conditions Symptoms

The nootropic has been found to have promising results in treating many degenerative brain conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer’s.

How To Properly Use Sulbutiamine 

For a 24 hour period, 400 mg to 1,000 mg is the recommended Sulbutiamine dose. Your characteristics like weigh twill affect the dosage. Generally, before taking higher dosage levels, it is advised that beginners start with a low dosage.

The supplement can be purchased as either a powder or a pill. For experienced users, they buy in bulk and use the powder to create their own capsules. This allows them to have the nootropic at a lower price while having the accessibility and convenience of the capsule. They also do this because Sulbutiamine in capsule form doesn’t deliver the effects they expect. Thus, they customize the dose.

But personally, I recommend to avoid powder just because it doesn’t taste good. The capsules doesn’t give that awful taste. Even if you use milk with it, you won’t be successful in masking the foul and strong taste. There are users that mix it with milk because Sulbutiamine is soluble in fat.

This also means that the supplement shouldn’t be mixed with water or juice. Aside from milk, fish oil is great in getting the best results particularly when speaking about absorption. Aside from the dose’s effectiveness, it also works much faster when mixed with milk or fish oil.

When you plan to take the supplement for a long time, I suggest that you take it using an on and off schedule. This is to avoid the development of high tolerance. For example, take it for one week. Then take a break for one or two weeks before you take it again.

Possible Side Effects Of Sulbutiamine 

While it has numerous benefits, Sulbutiamine only has a few side effects. This makes the nootropic really safe to use. Though side effect occur, there is a low risk of users experiencing them. Only when consumed in large amounts, Sulbutiamine side effects manifest.

A large amount is something more than the recommended dose of 1,000 mg every day.

Eczema-like discoloration and skin rashes are among the common side effects. There’s nothing to worry about the rashes though because they don’t last and they’re small and mild. Other users report they suffered from mood swings, which are common among those undergoing bipolar medications and bipolar people in general.

Other users find it hard to sleep or they lose appetite. Sulbutiamine targets dopamine receptors to act as a mild stimulant. This cause the trouble in sleeping for some users particularly when the nootropic is taken in the evening or afternoon.

This also means that the best time to take the nootropic drug is during mornings, which is just the right thing to do because you need its benefits for the tasks you’ll accomplish the rest of the day.

For some, the supplement is addictive. Though there is no evidence documented yet. However, everyone is requested to be cautious when taking the supplement. So, before taking the nootropic it is important to consult with a healthcare professional.

This is especially advised for people that are currently under any medication or having health concerns. When you are treating other symptoms or illnesses, it is not advisable to take the supplement because its side effects may be stronger when you are not completely well.

Where To Buy Sulbutiamine Online?

I highly recommend to buy Sulbutiamine online. On the Web, you can easily find many retailers of nootropic that offer free shipping of products to any part of the world. You won’t have any problem with the shipment in your country as long as there is no regulation or if it is regulated it is legal.

In more than 30 countries, Sulbutiamine is already widely available and legal. These include Egypt, Brazil, Nigeria, India, and many countries in Africa, Middle East, and Asia. In numerous countries in the West, the drug is unregulated.

In the United States, it is not marketed nor manufactured. The United States Food and Drug Administration hasn’t approved the drug yet. Well, these all mean that you won’t have any difficulty acquiring the nutritional supplement for individual consumption.

Sulbutiamine is also unregulated on the part of Health Canada. This means that any interested individual can import it to Canada without legal difficulties if the reason is for personal use.

In generally, there is no strict policy on the regulation of the nootropic supplement. However, it was made clear that it can be shipped or imported anywhere in the world for as long as it is done for personal usage or consumption.

So, purchase and consumption of Sulbutiamine doesn’t require prescription at all. The advantage of buying the nootropic online is that you can avail the most affordable price because you have a wide range of selection. There are many brands of Sulbutiamine that compete for consumers. Among the most popular brands are Enerion and Arcalion.

Cholinergic brain supplement refers to any supplement or drug that affects the brain’s cholinergic system, which receives, transmits, and produces the acetylcholine transmitter. Acetylcholine plays a role that is critical in our focus and memory.

Based on its definition, a cholinergic enhances, inhibits, and mimics the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. Many of the cholinergics only functions as acetylcholine production booster. Others have more functions such as increasing receptor’s efficiency or inhibiting acetylcholine breakdown. More than these, cholinergics have other benefits that are significant to the body. These benefits help in boosting overall cognitive functionality, recall, perception, and concentration.

There are now more research studies being conducted to find out everything about the connection of cholinergic system and Alzheimer’s. But it is now a proven fact today, that low levels of brain acetylcholine are the cause of Alzheimer’s and other brain degenerative conditions.

Acetyl L-Carnitine, Alpha GPC, Centrophenoxine, and Citicoline are among today’s most popular cholinergic supplements. These supplements deliver cognitive benefits that are powerful because of the high levels of acetylcholine contained in them.

Acetylcholine: Facilitating Brain Communication and Recall of Information

Acetylcholine is a term that nootropic users mention a lot like other people know about it. Bu the truth is, acetylcholine is a term that nootropic non-users don’t even know about. Well, except for neuroscientists.

Acetylcholine or Ach is found within the brain as a simple neurotransmitter. Many organisms have this simple and organic molecule. Choline is where it is derived. Like other neurotransmitter, acetylcholine facilitates communication in the brain. It plays a role that is essential in cognitive functionality’s multiple levels. It is particularly important to the process of memory formation. It has been found that the process helps in recalling new information and boosting storage.

The neurotransmitter that was discovered first is acetylcholine. Henry Hallett Dale, who is an English physiologist, discovered it in 1915. It played an active role that is critical on heart tissues according to research. The research was conducted for 20 years. After that, Dale received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with the acetylcholine neurotransmitter in 1936.

In many organisms such as humans, the neurotransmitter affects the peripheral nervous system, somatic nervous system, central nervous system, and autonomic nervous system. In many parts of the brain, the acetylcholine neurotransmitter plays a role that is critical to the organ.

When the cholinergic system is damaged, the brain begins to degenerate, which could lead to devastating brain conditions like dementia or Alzheimer’s. When the levels of acetylcholine are boosted, doctors are now able to control and treat degenerative conditions.

Choline Enhances Cognition 

In simple terms, acetylcholine’s basic form is choline. When in our body, choline is transformed into acetylcholine. When this happens, the brain can now use it for its function.

Many of the foods that we eat contain choline, so it is not something like a magical nutrient. For example, shrimps and eggs are very high in choline. Surprisingly though, many of us have a diet that is deficient in choline. You won’t be productive and won’t stay healthy if it doesn’t get the right amount of choline, unless you’re eating more than five eggs daily.

Satisfying your brain’s choline needs isn’t simply about being “smart”. It is necessary so that your brain would be able to create enough acetylcholine crucial to the organ’s processing of numerous tasks. This is why headache occurs when there’s low levels of choline.

However, you’re not required to eat a lot of eggs daily all throughout your life. The consumption of cholinergic is the healthiest and safest way to achieve it.

How Do Cholinergics Work? 

There are several ways by which cholinergics enhance the cholinergic system. The cholinergic system gets its food from cholinergic supplements.

This provides the brain to have the necessary nutrients to build and improve a healthy cognition. This how cholinergic benefits are created.

Below are some of the ways how cholinergic supplements increase the levels of acetylcholine in the brain:

1. The supplements inhibit acetylcholine metabolism, which increases the levels and prolongs the neurotransmitter’s effects.
2. Cholinergics block and stimulate the autonomic ganglia’s receptors, which is the autonomic nervous system’s critical part.
3. Any cholinergic works as an antagonist, which inhibits the cholinergic receptor’s actions resulting to the breakdown of acetylcholine.
4. Every cholinergic works as an agonist, which stimulates cholinergic receptors and enhances their efficiency.

A cholinergic nootropic, technically speaking, is a nootropic that produces acetylcholine actively. Anything that involves acetylcholine is considered as cholinergic, which includes Alpha GPC and other acetylcholine precursors. Allosteric modulators, acetylcholine inhibitors, and acetylcholine precursors are the three most common cholinergic categories.

The “true” cholinergics are the acetylcholine precursors, which boost acetylcholine production. They also function as a contributor to nootropic benefits that are provided in many areas of the brain. Below is a list of the available and most popular types of cholinergic nootropics. It includes the benefits of each nootropic.

Types of Cholinergics 

Alpha GPC 

As a popular nootropic, Alpha GPC is used typically as acetylcholine supplement. On its own, it can be used to gain powerful cognitive benefits. This includes better concentration, neuroprocessing and memory. But typically, the nootropic is taken typically with racetams as part of the same stack. When it is stacked with any racetam, the Alpha GPC helps in boosting production of the brain’s acetylcholine neurotransmitters that are highly efficient.

Though it sounds like a brand name, it is actually not. It is a choline compound that is naturally found within the brain. L-Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine is its chemical name. This is the reason why the name is shortened.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine 

As an amino acid, Acetyl-L-Carnitine is used to treat numerous mental disorders that includes alcoholism, depression, Alzheimer’s, Down syndrome, and others. Amino acids are important because they are the building blocks of proteins. The body naturally produces Acetyl-L-Carnitine. It has a critical role in the daily production of physical energy and mental energy in the body.

Many of us are Acetyl-L-Carnitine deficient even if it is produced naturally in our body. The supply of this nootropic comes from red meats, which makes vegetarians and vegans the most deficient in Acetyl-L-Carnitine.

Unlike other choline supplements, there are various ways which this nootropic works. As a cholinergic, it helps in improving memory when it raises the levels of acetylcholine. At the same time, it also improves the levels of energy and mood like Pyritinol does.

People use it as part of a stack or on its own. There are also men that use it for “male menopause” treatment and to boost the natural production of testosterone in the body.

Centrophenoxine 

Known also as Lucidril or Meclofenoxate, Centrophenoxine is a drug used to treat Alzheimer’s and dementia. Today, it’s used more often as nootropic. This cholinergic boosts the brain’s levels of acetylcholine and also works as a powerful antioxidant, which helps in targeting free radicals found in the brain and reverses the aging process.

Centrophenoxine has several benefits such as improvement of learning capability, memory and neuroplasticity. Several clinical trials have shown that this cholinergic is promising in terms of its ability to treat degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s. Nootropic users usually stack it with Piracetam, Oxiracetam or Aniracetam.

Citicoline 

As one of the most popular cholinergics, Citicoline is currently being sold in 70 countries situated all throughout the world. When it crosses the brain-blood barrier, Citicoline is broken into two components that have different functions each. Choline, of the components, helps in boosting the levels of choline, which in effect raises the levels of acetylcholine.

Cytidine, the other component, helps in activating the components’ synthesis inside the cell membranes. As a result, the metabolism of cerebral energy is boosted. This leads to a better mental focus and energy. This makes Citicoline very popular to users who need a cholinergic that will boost their concentration and memory.

Cytidine Diphosphate Choline is the full chemical name of Citicoline.

Pyritinol 

One of the cholinergics, Pyritinol is the most unique that is available today in the market. Pyritinol, like other cholinergics, helps in boosting the levels of acetylcholine in the brain and in improving learning capabilities and memory.

Pyritinol, at the same time, helps in boosting the levels of dopamine while also improving the utilization of glucose. Dopamine affects stress and mood. When the levels of dopamine is raised, tis cholinergic can significantly improve mood and can provide an anti-stress effect that is very calming. Similar to this is how anti-depression medications work in improving mood when it raises the levels of dopamine.

Two molecules of Pyridoxine is combined together to synthesize it. Vitamin B6 is the original name of Pyridoxine. This is why both have similar effects.

It is interesting that there are people who use Pyritinol as hangover cure. It has been shown that Pyritinol is effective in boosting neuroprotectivity. This makes it easier for the brain cells to function well and to remain healthy even when too much alcohol are bombarded to the cells.

Typically, Pyritinol is taken as part of a stack, usually with racetams like Piracetam or Oxiracetam. This can result to several cognitive benefits that are really powerful. The benefits include enhanced learning, reasoning, focus, mental clarity, and thought processing.

Maximize Cognitive Benefits Using Cholinergic Stacks 

When stack with other nootropics, cholinergics offer more and effective benefits such as:

1. Higher levels of highly functional brain acetylcholine resulting to powerful cognitive benefits.
2. Delivers Choline the brain needs, resulting to greater production of acetylcholine.
3. Acetylcholine functions more when stacked with racetams.

It is recommended to start with Piracetam when stacking racetams with cholinergics. Citicoline and Alpha GPC are the most popular cholinergics for stacking. These two cholinergics provide racetams all the materials needed for acetylcholine production and provision of enhanced learning ability, focus, and memory.

Buy Cholinergics Online 

Cholinergics are available in offline and online stores. Unlike other nootropics that are not strictly regulated, cholinergics are legal and widely accessible all throughout the world. There are numerous stores that sell cholinergics online. Aside from a wide range of selection available on the Web, online options are also offered at a more affordable prices. Online purchasing is also the most convenient for many because only few drugstores and pharmacies sell the nootropic. With all these, I recommend that you buy cholinergics online.